1. Pitch and length in Croatian ("pitch accent")
 

	Long falling					Short falling
	têːk	tek	‘appetite’			têk	tek	‘only’
	Long rising					Short falling
	ʋǐːle	vile	‘fairies‘			ʋîle	vile	‘hayfork’
	dǔːɡa	duga	‘rainbow‘			dûɡa	duga	‘stave’
	Long-long					Short-short
	kûːtɕaː	kuća	‘houses‘ (gen.)			kûtɕa	kuća	‘a house’

2. Lexical tone in Cantonese
 

High level		síí	丝 ‘silk’
Mid level		sii	試 ‘to try’
Low-mid level		sìì	事 ‘matter’
Low fall		siì	时 ‘time’
High rise		sií	史 ‘history’
Low rise		sìi	市 ‘city’

Exercises

i) Transcribe the intonation of the following two sentences of Kassem, a language of Ghana (W. Africa). The sentences are written here in the normal orthography of Kassem. (As well as listening to the whole sentences, you can click listen a word or two at a time by clicking on them.) Also, mark out the various phonation types employed in these utterances.

Sentence 1: Avio di Awia mo magi nikantɔgɔ si ba biri dam.
Sentence 2: Kanto manŋa ni mo chovelo makia di o wwaro garivɔ.

ii) Read Ladefoged Vowels and Consonants chapter 2.